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Myofibrils definition: The long cylindrical contractile organelles of STRIATED MUSCLE cells composed of ACTIN FILAMENTS; MYOSIN filaments; and other proteins organized in arrays of repeating units called SARCOMERES .
myofibril definition: highly organized bundles of actin, myosins, and other proteins in the cytoplasm of skeletal and cardiac muscle cells that contract by a sliding filament mechanism; they are composed of numerous myofilaments.
myofibril definition: The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. [ISBN:0815316194]
Muscle, Skeletal definition: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.
Skeletal muscle tissue definition: Tissue which consists of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps, Skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm.
SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE definition: Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements. (NCI)
Skeletal Muscle Tissue definition: Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements.
osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis definition: A severe bone dysplasia in which osteopathia striata is associated with cranial sclerosis, dysmorphic facies, cleft palate, deafness, heart defects, and vertebral anomalies with variability of expression. Neurological findings range from normal development to psychomotor retardation and hydrocephalus.
Smooth Muscle Cell definition: An elongated spindle-shaped contractile cell, peculiar to an involuntary muscle, containing a single nucleus and longitudinally arranged myofibrils.
smooth muscle contractile fiber definition: The contractile fiber of smooth muscle cells. [GOC:mah]
Smooth muscle cell definition: Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments attached to cytoplasmic dense bodies.
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle definition: Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE).
regulation of striated muscle contraction definition: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. [GOC:go_curators]
striated muscle contraction definition: A process whereby force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"]
striated muscle thick filament definition: Bipolar filaments formed of polymers of a muscle-specific myosin II isoform, found in the middle of sarcomeres in myofibrils. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194]
striated muscle thin filament definition: Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils. [ISBN:0815316194]
Muscle, Smooth definition: Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
smooth muscle definition: nonstriated involuntary muscle; one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc; contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei.
Smooth muscle tissue definition: Tissue which consists of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Examples: Arrector muscle of hair, Muscularis mucosae.
Smooth Muscle Tissue definition: Involuntary muscle tissue of the internal organs. It is composed of elongated muscle cells or fibers that are not arranged in a striated pattern and form layers of muscle tissue. The smooth muscle cells contain a contractile apparatus composed of thin and thick filaments and a cytoskeleton composed of intermediate filaments.
brush border definition: Dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells in tissues such as the intestine, kidney, and choroid plexus; the microvilli aid absorption by increasing the surface area of the cell. [GOC:sl, ISBN:0815316194]
striated muscle definition: muscle with fibers divided by transverse bands into striations; in general under voluntary control.
Muscle, Striated definition: One of two types of muscle in the body, characterized by the array of bands observed under microscope. Striated muscles can be divided into two subtypes: the CARDIAC MUSCLE and the SKELETAL MUSCLE.
Striated muscle tissue definition: Tissue which consists of striated muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue, Cardiac muscle tissue.
Striated Muscle Tissue definition: Striated muscles are appendicular and axial muscles typically connected at either or both ends to the bony skeleton of the body. Striated muscle fibers contain a highly organized, contractile cytoskeletal apparatus with a striated microscopic appearance; muscle contraction is typically under voluntary control.
Striated Muscle Cell definition: A cylindrical multinucleated cell containing contracting myofibrils, across which run transverse light and dark areas, enclosed in a delicate plasma membrane.
Striated muscle cell definition: Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments organized into sarcomeres.
Visceral Striated Muscle Tissue definition: Muscle tissue associated with organs such as tongue, pharynx, diaphragm and upper part of the esophagus. It is identical in structure to skeletal muscle tissue.
regulation of striated muscle development definition: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development. [GOC:go_curators]
striated muscle cell differentiation definition: The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle. [CL:0000737, GOC:ai]
striated muscle fibre development definition: OBSOLETE. The process whose specific outcome is the amplification and progression of myoblasts (muscle precursor cells) into terminally differentiated multinucleated muscle fibers. [GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm, GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle cell development definition: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle cells contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. [CL:0000737, GOC:devbiol]
striated muscle development definition: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. [CL:0000737, GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle cell proliferation definition: The multiplication or reproduction of striated muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Striated muscles contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. [CL:0000737, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle adaptation definition: Any process by which striated muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. [GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle atrophy definition: A process, occurring in striated muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse. [GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle hypertrophy definition: The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of muscle cells without cell division. In the case of striated muscle, this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils. [GOC:mtg_muscle]
striated muscle dense body definition: A vinculin-containing myofibril attachment structure of striated muscle that connects sarcomeres to the extracellular matrix. In nematode body wall muscle, the dense body performs the dual role of Z-disk and costamere. [GOC:kmv, PMID:17492481]
striated muscle cell apoptosis definition: A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. Striated muscle cells make up striated muscle fibers which are divided by transverse bands into striations. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]